Keywords
Key points
- •Calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D have a key role in skeletal development and health as well as other important metabolic functions.
- •Insufficient or unbalanced dietary provision of these nutrients can have multiple negative health impacts.
- •Excess vitamin D intake may cause hypercalcemia and negative health effects in dogs and cats, and the health-related effects of high calcium and phosphorus intake are being studied.
- •The dietary provision of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D and their interactions must be considered in patients with renal-urinary diseases.
- •The role of vitamin D in chronic conditions, such as enteropathies and neoplasia, is receiving considerable attention, but research is still inconclusive, and no clinical recommendations can be made at this time.
Introduction
The Nutritional Requirements for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Vitamin D in Dogs and Cats
Growth | Maintenance | Reproduction | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Calcium | Dog | 3 | 1 | 1.9 |
Cat | 2 | 0.72 | 2.7 | |
Phosphorus | Dog | 2.5 | 0.75 | 1.2 |
Cat | 1.8 | 0.64 | 1.9 |
Dietary Sources of Calcium, Phosphorus, and Vitamin D and Their Absorption and Bioavailability
Skeletal Development and Skeletal Health
The Importance of These Nutrients for Urinary Health
Calcium oxalate urolithiasis
Struvite urolithiasis
Calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate urolithiasis
The Importance of These Nutrients for Renal Health
Vitamin D and Its Importance for Other Conditions Such as Gastrointestinal Disease and Cancer
Clinics care points
- •Vitamin D might be protective for several inflammatory and proliferative diseases, like gastrointestinal disease and cancer, which are subjects for future research.
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Article info
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Footnotes
J. Stockman is a consultant for Petco Animal Supplies, Inc. C. Villaverde has received honoraria for consulting and speaking engagements from pet food manufacturers. R.J. Corbee declares no conflict of interest regarding this article.
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