The endodontic system is the pulp tissue (blood and lymph vessels, nerves, odontoblasts,
and connective tissue) that is in the root canals and pulp chambers in animals [
1
,
2
]. This living system supplies the vital tooth with the components it needs to live
and mature. Endodontic disease refers to inflammation (pulpitis) [
[3]
] or necrosis (partial or complete) of the pulp tissues. Depending on the severity
of the insult, the pulpitis may be reversible or irreversible. Reversible pulpitis
is usually caused by a lesser insult that the tooth may survive. Irreversible pulpitis
is secondary to significant pulpal inflammation and results in tooth death.To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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